Conversation analysis is a research approach that focuses on the detailed analysis of naturally occurring spoken interactions between people. It seeks to understand how conversations are structured, and how participants in a conversation co-construct meaning through their language use, turn-taking, and other interactional practices. Conversation analysis has been used in various fields such as sociology, linguistics, psychology, communication studies, and anthropology to study everyday interactions, institutional talk (such as doctor-patient conversations or courtroom interactions), and social interactions in various settings. It involves the systematic examination of audio or video recordings of conversations to uncover patterns of interaction and communication strategies used by participants.